De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Now, Memmius,
- How nature of iron discovered was, thou mayst
- Of thine own self divine. Man's ancient arms
- Were hands, and nails and teeth, stones too and boughs-
- Breakage of forest trees- and flame and fire,
- As soon as known. Thereafter force of iron
- And copper discovered was; and copper's use
- Was known ere iron's, since more tractable
- Its nature is and its abundance more.
- With copper men to work the soil began,
- With copper to rouse the hurly waves of war,
- To straw the monstrous wounds, and seize away
- Another's flocks and fields. For unto them,
- Thus armed, all things naked of defence
- Readily yielded. Then by slow degrees
- The sword of iron succeeded, and the shape
- Of brazen sickle into scorn was turned:
- With iron to cleave the soil of earth they 'gan,
- And the contentions of uncertain war
- Were rendered equal.
- And, lo, man was wont
- Armed to mount upon the ribs of horse
- And guide him with the rein, and play about
- With right hand free, oft times before he tried
- Perils of war in yoked chariot;
- And yoked pairs abreast came earlier
- Than yokes of four, or scythed chariots
- Whereinto clomb the men-at-arms. And next
- The Punic folk did train the elephants-
- Those curst Lucanian oxen, hideous,
- The serpent-handed, with turrets on their bulks-
- To dure the wounds of war and panic-strike
- The mighty troops of Mars. Thus Discord sad
- Begat the one Thing after other, to be
- The terror of the nations under arms,
- And day by day to horrors of old war
- She added an increase.