De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Now for the rest: copper and gold and iron
- Discovered were, and with them silver's weight
- And power of lead, when with prodigious heat
- The conflagrations burned the forest trees
- Among the mighty mountains, by a bolt
- Of lightning from the sky, or else because
- Men, warring in the woodlands, on their foes
- Had hurled fire to frighten and dismay,
- Or yet because, by goodness of the soil
- Invited, men desired to clear rich fields
- And turn the countryside to pasture-lands,
- Or slay the wild and thrive upon the spoils.
- (For hunting by pit-fall and by fire arose
- Before the art of hedging the covert round
- With net or stirring it with dogs of chase.)
- Howso the fact, and from what cause soever
- The flamy heat with awful crack and roar
- Had there devoured to their deepest roots
- The forest trees and baked the earth with fire,
- Then from the boiling veins began to ooze
- O rivulets of silver and of gold,
- Of lead and copper too, collecting soon
- Into the hollow places of the ground.
- And when men saw the cooled lumps anon
- To shine with splendour-sheen upon the ground,
- Much taken with that lustrous smooth delight,
- They 'gan to pry them out, and saw how each
- Had got a shape like to its earthy mould.
- Then would it enter their heads how these same lumps,
- If melted by heat, could into any form
- Or figure of things be run, and how, again,
- If hammered out, they could be nicely drawn
- To sharpest points or finest edge, and thus
- Yield to the forgers tools and give them power
- To chop the forest down, to hew the logs,
- To shave the beams and planks, besides to bore
- And punch and drill. And men began such work
- At first as much with tools of silver and gold
- As with the impetuous strength of the stout copper;
- But vainly- since their over-mastered power
- Would soon give way, unable to endure,
- Like copper, such hard labour. In those days
- Copper it was that was the thing of price;
- And gold lay useless, blunted with dull edge.
- Now lies the copper low, and gold hath come
- Unto the loftiest honours. Thus it is
- That rolling ages change the times of things:
- What erst was of a price, becomes at last
- A discard of no honour; whilst another
- Succeeds to glory, issuing from contempt,
- And day by day is sought for more and more,
- And, when 'tis found, doth flower in men's praise,
- Objects of wondrous honour.