De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Besides we feel that mind to being comes
- Along with body, with body grows and ages.
- For just as children totter round about
- With frames infirm and tender, so there follows
- A weakling wisdom in their minds; and then,
- Where years have ripened into robust powers,
- Counsel is also greater, more increased
- The power of mind; thereafter, where already
- The body's shattered by master-powers of eld,
- And fallen the frame with its enfeebled powers,
- Thought hobbles, tongue wanders, and the mind gives way;
- All fails, all's lacking at the selfsame time.
- Therefore it suits that even the soul's dissolved,
- Like smoke, into the lofty winds of air;
- Since we behold the same to being come
- Along with body and grow, and, as I've taught,
- Crumble and crack, therewith outworn by eld.
- Then, too, we see, that, just as body takes
- Monstrous diseases and the dreadful pain,
- So mind its bitter cares, the grief, the fear;
- Wherefore it tallies that the mind no less
- Partaker is of death; for pain and disease
- Are both artificers of death,- as well
- We've learned by the passing of many a man ere now.
- Nay, too, in diseases of body, often the mind
- Wanders afield; for 'tis beside itself,
- And crazed it speaks, or many a time it sinks,
- With eyelids closing and a drooping nod,
- In heavy drowse, on to eternal sleep;
- From whence nor hears it any voices more,
- Nor able is to know the faces here
- Of those about him standing with wet cheeks
- Who vainly call him back to light and life.
- Wherefore mind too, confess we must, dissolves,
- Seeing, indeed, contagions of disease
- Enter into the same. Again, O why,
- When the strong wine has entered into man,
- And its diffused fire gone round the veins,
- Why follows then a heaviness of limbs,
- A tangle of the legs as round he reels,
- A stuttering tongue, an intellect besoaked,
- Eyes all aswim, and hiccups, shouts, and brawls,
- And whatso else is of that ilk?- Why this?-
- If not that violent and impetuous wine
- Is wont to confound the soul within the body?
- But whatso can confounded be and balked,
- Gives proof, that if a hardier cause got in,
- 'Twould hap that it would perish then, bereaved
- Of any life thereafter.
- And, moreover,
- Often will some one in a sudden fit,
- As if by stroke of lightning, tumble down
- Before our eyes, and sputter foam, and grunt,
- Blither, and twist about with sinews taut,
- Gasp up in starts, and weary out his limbs
- With tossing round. No marvel, since distract
- Through frame by violence of disease.
- . . . . . .
- Confounds, he foams, as if to vomit soul,
- As on the salt sea boil the billows round
- Under the master might of winds. And now
- A groan's forced out, because his limbs are griped,
- But, in the main, because the seeds of voice
- Are driven forth and carried in a mass
- Outwards by mouth, where they are wont to go,
- And have a builded highway. He becomes
- Mere fool, since energy of mind and soul
- Confounded is, and, as I've shown, to-riven,
- Asunder thrown, and torn to pieces all
- By the same venom. But, again, where cause
- Of that disease has faced about, and back
- Retreats sharp poison of corrupted frame
- Into its shadowy lairs, the man at first
- Arises reeling, and gradually comes back
- To all his senses and recovers soul.
- Thus, since within the body itself of man
- The mind and soul are by such great diseases
- Shaken, so miserably in labour distraught,
- Why, then, believe that in the open air,
- Without a body, they can pass their life,
- Immortal, battling with the master winds?
- And, since we mark the mind itself is cured,
- Like the sick body, and restored can be
- By medicine, this is forewarning too
- That mortal lives the mind. For proper it is
- That whosoe'er begins and undertakes
- To alter the mind, or meditates to change
- Any another nature soever, should add
- New parts, or readjust the order given,
- Or from the sum remove at least a bit.
- But what's immortal willeth for itself
- Its parts be nor increased, nor rearranged,
- Nor any bit soever flow away:
- For change of anything from out its bounds
- Means instant death of that which was before.
- Ergo, the mind, whether in sickness fallen,
- Or by the medicine restored, gives signs,
- As I have taught, of its mortality.
- So surely will a fact of truth make head
- 'Gainst errors' theories all, and so shut off
- All refuge from the adversary, and rout
- Error by two-edged confutation.