De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- For as to what men sometimes will affirm:
- That more than Tartarus (the realm of death)
- They fear diseases and a life of shame,
- And know the substance of the soul is blood,
- Or rather wind (if haply thus their whim),
- And so need naught of this our science, then
- Thou well may'st note from what's to follow now
- That more for glory do they braggart forth
- Than for belief. For mark these very same:
- Exiles from country, fugitives afar
- From sight of men, with charges foul attaint,
- Abased with every wretchedness, they yet
- Live, and where'er the wretches come, they yet
- Make the ancestral sacrifices there,
- Butcher the black sheep, and to gods below
- Offer the honours, and in bitter case
- Turn much more keenly to religion.
- Wherefore, it's surer testing of a man
- In doubtful perils- mark him as he is
- Amid adversities; for then alone
- Are the true voices conjured from his breast,
- The mask off-stripped, reality behind.
- And greed, again, and the blind lust of honours
- Which force poor wretches past the bounds of law,
- And, oft allies and ministers of crime,
- To push through nights and days with hugest toil
- To rise untrammelled to the peaks of power-
- These wounds of life in no mean part are kept
- Festering and open by this fright of death.
- For ever we see fierce Want and foul Disgrace
- Dislodged afar from secure life and sweet,
- Like huddling Shapes before the doors of death.
- And whilst, from these, men wish to scape afar,
- Driven by false terror, and afar remove,
- With civic blood a fortune they amass,
- They double their riches, greedy, heapers-up
- Of corpse on corpse they have a cruel laugh
- For the sad burial of a brother-born,
- And hatred and fear of tables of their kin.
- Likewise, through this same terror, envy oft
- Makes them to peak because before their eyes
- That man is lordly, that man gazed upon
- Who walks begirt with honour glorious,
- Whilst they in filth and darkness roll around;
- Some perish away for statues and a name,
- And oft to that degree, from fright of death,
- Will hate of living and beholding light
- Take hold on humankind that they inflict
- Their own destruction with a gloomy heart-
- Forgetful that this fear is font of cares,
- This fear the plague upon their sense of shame,
- And this that breaks the ties of comradry
- And oversets all reverence and faith,
- Mid direst slaughter. For long ere to-day
- Often were traitors to country and dear parents
- Through quest to shun the realms of Acheron.
- For just as children tremble and fear all
- In the viewless dark, so even we at times
- Dread in the light so many things that be
- No whit more fearsome than what children feign,
- Shuddering, will be upon them in the dark.
- This terror, then, this darkness of the mind,
- Not sunrise with its flaring spokes of light,
- Nor glittering arrows of morning sun disperse,
- But only nature's aspect and her law.
- First, then, I say, the mind which oft we call
- The intellect, wherein is seated life's
- Counsel and regimen, is part no less
- Of man than hand and foot and eyes are parts
- Of one whole breathing creature. [But some hold]
- That sense of mind is in no fixed part seated,
- But is of body some one vital state,-
- Named "harmony" by Greeks, because thereby
- We live with sense, though intellect be not
- In any part: as oft the body is said
- To have good health (when health, however, 's not
- One part of him who has it), so they place
- The sense of mind in no fixed part of man.
- Mightily, diversly, meseems they err.
- Often the body palpable and seen
- Sickens, while yet in some invisible part
- We feel a pleasure; oft the other way,
- A miserable in mind feels pleasure still
- Throughout his body- quite the same as when
- A foot may pain without a pain in head.
- Besides, when these our limbs are given o'er
- To gentle sleep and lies the burdened frame
- At random void of sense, a something else
- Is yet within us, which upon that time
- Bestirs itself in many a wise, receiving
- All motions of joy and phantom cares of heart.
- Now, for to see that in man's members dwells
- Also the soul, and body ne'er is wont
- To feel sensation by a "harmony"
- Take this in chief: the fact that life remains
- Oft in our limbs, when much of body's gone;
- Yet that same life, when particles of heat,
- Though few, have scattered been, and through the mouth
- Air has been given forth abroad, forthwith
- Forever deserts the veins, and leaves the bones.
- Thus mayst thou know that not all particles
- Perform like parts, nor in like manner all
- Are props of weal and safety: rather those-
- The seeds of wind and exhalations warm-
- Take care that in our members life remains.
- Therefore a vital heat and wind there is
- Within the very body, which at death
- Deserts our frames. And so, since nature of mind
- And even of soul is found to be, as 'twere,
- A part of man, give over "harmony"-
- Name to musicians brought from Helicon,-
- Unless themselves they filched it otherwise,
- To serve for what was lacking name till then.
- Whate'er it be, they're welcome to it- thou,
- Hearken my other maxims.