De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- But now, what is't that strikes thy sceptic mind,
- Constraining thee to sundry arguments
- Against belief that from insensate germs
- The sensible is gendered?- Verily,
- 'Tis this: that liquids, earth, and wood, though mixed,
- Are yet unable to gender vital sense.
- And, therefore, 'twill be well in these affairs
- This to remember: that I have not said
- Senses are born, under conditions all,
- From all things absolutely which create
- Objects that feel; but much it matters here
- Firstly, how small the seeds which thus compose
- The feeling thing, then, with what shapes endowed,
- And lastly what they in positions be,
- In motions, in arrangements. Of which facts
- Naught we perceive in logs of wood and clods;
- And yet even these, when sodden by the rains,
- Give birth to wormy grubs, because the bodies
- Of matter, from their old arrangements stirred
- By the new factor, then combine anew
- In such a way as genders living things.
- Next, they who deem that feeling objects can
- From feeling objects be create, and these,
- In turn, from others that are wont to feel
- . . . . . .
- When soft they make them; for all sense is linked
- With flesh, and thews, and veins- and such, we see,
- Are fashioned soft and of a mortal frame.
- Yet be't that these can last forever on:
- They'll have the sense that's proper to a part,
- Or else be judged to have a sense the same
- As that within live creatures as a whole.
- But of themselves those parts can never feel,
- For all the sense in every member back
- To something else refers- a severed hand,
- Or any other member of our frame,
- Itself alone cannot support sensation.
- It thus remains they must resemble, then,
- Live creatures as a whole, to have the power
- Of feeling sensation concordant in each part
- With the vital sense; and so they're bound to feel
- The things we feel exactly as do we.
- If such the case, how, then, can they be named
- The primal germs of things, and how avoid
- The highways of destruction?- since they be
- Mere living things and living things be all
- One and the same with mortal. Grant they could,
- Yet by their meetings and their unions all,
- Naught would result, indeed, besides a throng
- And hurly-burly all of living things-
- Precisely as men, and cattle, and wild beasts,
- By mere conglomeration each with each
- Can still beget not anything of new.
- But if by chance they lose, inside a body,
- Their own sense and another sense take on,
- What, then, avails it to assign them that
- Which is withdrawn thereafter? And besides,
- To touch on proof that we pronounced before,
- Just as we see the eggs of feathered fowls
- To change to living chicks, and swarming worms
- To bubble forth when from the soaking rains
- The earth is sodden, sure, sensations all
- Can out of non-sensations be begot.
- But if one say that sense can so far rise
- From non-sense by mutation, or because
- Brought forth as by a certain sort of birth,
- 'Twill serve to render plain to him and prove
- There is no birth, unless there be before
- Some formed union of the elements,
- Nor any change, unless they be unite.
- In first place, senses can't in body be
- Before its living nature's been begot,-
- Since all its stuff, in faith, is held dispersed
- About through rivers, air, and earth, and all
- That is from earth created, nor has met
- In combination, and, in proper mode,
- Conjoined into those vital motions which
- Kindle the all-perceiving senses- they
- That keep and guard each living thing soever.
- Again, a blow beyond its nature's strength
- Shatters forthwith each living thing soe'er,
- And on it goes confounding all the sense
- Of body and mind. For of the primal germs
- Are loosed their old arrangements, and, throughout,
- The vital motions blocked,- until the stuff,
- Shaken profoundly through the frame entire,
- Undoes the vital knots of soul from body
- And throws that soul, to outward wide-dispersed,
- Through all the pores. For what may we surmise
- A blow inflicted can achieve besides
- Shaking asunder and loosening all apart?
- It happens also, when less sharp the blow,
- The vital motions which are left are wont
- Oft to win out- win out, and stop and still
- The uncouth tumults gendered by the blow,
- And call each part to its own courses back,
- And shake away the motion of death which now
- Begins its own dominion in the body,
- And kindle anew the senses almost gone.
- For by what other means could they the more
- Collect their powers of thought and turn again
- From very doorways of destruction
- Back unto life, rather than pass whereto
- They be already well-nigh sped and so
- Pass quite away?
- Again, since pain is there
- Where bodies of matter, by some force stirred up,
- Through vitals and through joints, within their seats
- Quiver and quake inside, but soft delight,
- When they remove unto their place again:
- 'Tis thine to know the primal germs can be
- Assaulted by no pain, nor from themselves
- Take no delight; because indeed they are
- Not made of any bodies of first things,
- Under whose strange new motions they might ache
- Or pluck the fruit of any dear new sweet.
- And so they must be furnished with no sense.