De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Now what the speed to matter's atoms given
- Thou mayest in few, my Memmius, learn from this:
- When first the dawn is sprinkling with new light
- The lands, and all the breed of birds abroad
- Flit round the trackless forests, with liquid notes
- Filling the regions along the mellow air,
- We see 'tis forthwith manifest to man
- How suddenly the risen sun is wont
- At such an hour to overspread and clothe
- The whole with its own splendour; but the sun's
- Warm exhalations and this serene light
- Travel not down an empty void; and thus
- They are compelled more slowly to advance,
- Whilst, as it were, they cleave the waves of air;
- Nor one by one travel these particles
- Of the warm exhalations, but are all
- Entangled and enmassed, whereby at once
- Each is restrained by each, and from without
- Checked, till compelled more slowly to advance.
- But the primordial atoms with their old
- Simple solidity, when forth they travel
- Along the empty void, all undelayed
- By aught outside them there, and they, each one
- Being one unit from nature of its parts,
- Are borne to that one place on which they strive
- Still to lay hold, must then, beyond a doubt,
- Outstrip in speed, and be more swiftly borne
- Than light of sun, and over regions rush,
- Of space much vaster, in the self-same time
- The sun's effulgence widens round the sky.
- . . . . . .
- Nor to pursue the atoms one by one,
- To see the law whereby each thing goes on.
- But some men, ignorant of matter, think,
- Opposing this, that not without the gods,
- In such adjustment to our human ways,
- Can nature change the seasons of the years,
- And bring to birth the grains and all of else
- To which divine Delight, the guide of life,
- Persuades mortality and leads it on,
- That, through her artful blandishments of love,
- It propagate the generations still,
- Lest humankind should perish. When they feign
- That gods have stablished all things but for man,
- They seem in all ways mightily to lapse
- From reason's truth: for ev'n if ne'er I knew
- What seeds primordial are, yet would I dare
- This to affirm, ev'n from deep judgment based
- Upon the ways and conduct of the skies-
- This to maintain by many a fact besides-
- That in no wise the nature of the world
- For us was builded by a power divine-
- So great the faults it stands encumbered with:
- The which, my Memmius, later on, for thee
- We will clear up. Now as to what remains
- Concerning motions we'll unfold our thought.
- Now is the place, meseems, in these affairs
- To prove for thee this too: nothing corporeal
- Of its own force can e'er be upward borne,
- Or upward go- nor let the bodies of flames
- Deceive thee here: for they engendered are
- With urge to upwards, taking thus increase,
- Whereby grow upwards shining grains and trees,
- Though all the weight within them downward bears.
- Nor, when the fires will leap from under round
- The roofs of houses, and swift flame laps up
- Timber and beam, 'tis then to be supposed
- They act of own accord, no force beneath
- To urge them up. 'Tis thus that blood, discharged
- From out our bodies, spurts its jets aloft
- And spatters gore. And hast thou never marked
- With what a force the water will disgorge
- Timber and beam? The deeper, straight and down,
- We push them in, and, many though we be,
- The more we press with main and toil, the more
- The water vomits up and flings them back,
- That, more than half their length, they there emerge,
- Rebounding. Yet we never doubt, meseems,
- That all the weight within them downward bears
- Through empty void. Well, in like manner, flames
- Ought also to be able, when pressed out,
- Through winds of air to rise aloft, even though
- The weight within them strive to draw them down.
- Hast thou not seen, sweeping so far and high,
- The meteors, midnight flambeaus of the sky,
- How after them they draw long trails of flame
- Wherever Nature gives a thoroughfare?
- How stars and constellations drop to earth,
- Seest not? Nay, too, the sun from peak of heaven
- Sheds round to every quarter its large heat,
- And sows the new-ploughed intervales with light:
- Thus also sun's heat downward tends to earth.
- Athwart the rain thou seest the lightning fly;
- Now here, now there, bursting from out the clouds,
- The fires dash zig-zag- and that flaming power
- Falls likewise down to earth.