De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Nothing is seen to happen with such speed
- As what the mind proposes and begins;
- Therefore the same bestirs itself more swiftly
- Than aught whose nature's palpable to eyes.
- But what's so agile must of seeds consist
- Most round, most tiny, that they may be moved,
- When hit by impulse slight. So water moves,
- In waves along, at impulse just the least-
- Being create of little shapes that roll;
- But, contrariwise, the quality of honey
- More stable is, its liquids more inert,
- More tardy its flow; for all its stock of matter
- Cleaves more together, since, indeed, 'tis made
- Of atoms not so smooth, so fine, and round.
- For the light breeze that hovers yet can blow
- High heaps of poppy-seed away for thee
- Downward from off the top; but, contrariwise,
- A pile of stones or spiny ears of wheat
- It can't at all. Thus, in so far as bodies
- Are small and smooth, is their mobility;
- But, contrariwise, the heavier and more rough,
- The more immovable they prove. Now, then,
- Since nature of mind is movable so much,
- Consist it must of seeds exceeding small
- And smooth and round. Which fact once known to thee,
- Good friend, will serve thee opportune in else.
- This also shows the nature of the same,
- How nice its texture, in how small a space
- 'Twould go, if once compacted as a pellet:
- When death's unvexed repose gets hold on man
- And mind and soul retire, thou markest there
- From the whole body nothing ta'en in form,
- Nothing in weight. Death grants ye everything,
- But vital sense and exhalation hot.
- Thus soul entire must be of smallmost seeds,
- Twined through the veins, the vitals, and the thews,
- Seeing that, when 'tis from whole body gone,
- The outward figuration of the limbs
- Is unimpaired and weight fails not a whit.
- Just so, when vanished the bouquet of wine,
- Or when an unguent's perfume delicate
- Into the winds away departs, or when
- From any body savour's gone, yet still
- The thing itself seems minished naught to eyes,
- Thereby, nor aught abstracted from its weight-
- No marvel, because seeds many and minute
- Produce the savours and the redolence
- In the whole body of the things.
- And so,
- Again, again, nature of mind and soul
- 'Tis thine to know created is of seeds
- The tiniest ever, since at flying-forth
- It beareth nothing of the weight away.
- Yet fancy not its nature simple so.
- For an impalpable aura, mixed with heat,
- Deserts the dying, and heat draws off the air;
- And heat there's none, unless commixed with air:
- For, since the nature of all heat is rare,
- Athrough it many seeds of air must move.
- Thus nature of mind is triple; yet those all
- Suffice not for creating sense- since mind
- Accepteth not that aught of these can cause
- Sense-bearing motions, and much less the thoughts
- A man revolves in mind. So unto these
- Must added be a somewhat, and a fourth;
- That somewhat's altogether void of name;
- Than which existeth naught more mobile, naught
- More an impalpable, of elements
- More small and smooth and round. That first transmits
- Sense-bearing motions through the frame, for that
- Is roused the first, composed of little shapes;
- Thence heat and viewless force of wind take up
- The motions, and thence air, and thence all things
- Are put in motion; the blood is strook, and then
- The vitals all begin to feel, and last
- To bones and marrow the sensation comes-
- Pleasure or torment. Nor will pain for naught
- Enter so far, nor a sharp ill seep through,
- But all things be perturbed to that degree
- That room for life will fail, and parts of soul
- Will scatter through the body's every pore.
- Yet as a rule, almost upon the skin
- These motion aIl are stopped, and this is why
- We have the power to retain our life.
- Now in my eagerness to tell thee how
- They are commixed, through what unions fit
- They function so, my country's pauper-speech
- Constrains me sadly. As I can, however,
- I'll touch some points and pass.
- In such a wise
- Course these primordials 'mongst one another
- With inter-motions that no one can be
- From other sundered, nor its agency
- Perform, if once divided by a space;
- Like many powers in one body they work.
- As in the flesh of any creature still
- Is odour and savour and a certain warmth,
- And yet from all of these one bulk of body
- Is made complete, so, viewless force of wind
- And warmth and air, commingled, do create
- One nature, by that mobile energy
- Assisted which from out itself to them
- Imparts initial motion, whereby first
- Sense-bearing motion along the vitals springs.
- For lurks this essence far and deep and under,
- Nor in our body is aught more shut from view,
- And 'tis the very soul of all the soul.
- And as within our members and whole frame
- The energy of mind and power of soul
- Is mixed and latent, since create it is
- Of bodies small and few, so lurks this fourth,
- This essence void of name, composed of small,
- And seems the very soul of all the soul,
- And holds dominion o'er the body all.
- And by like reason wind and air and heat
- Must function so, commingled through the frame,
- And now the one subside and now another
- In interchange of dominance, that thus
- From all of them one nature be produced,
- Lest heat and wind apart, and air apart,
- Make sense to perish, by disseverment.