De Rerum Natura
Lucretius
Lucretius. De Rerum Natura. William Ellery Leonard. E. P. Dutton. 1916.
- Mother of Rome, delight of Gods and men,
- Dear Venus that beneath the gliding stars
- Makest to teem the many-voyaged main
- And fruitful lands- for all of living things
- Through thee alone are evermore conceived,
- Through thee are risen to visit the great sun-
- Before thee, Goddess, and thy coming on,
- Flee stormy wind and massy cloud away,
- For thee the daedal Earth bears scented flowers,
- For thee waters of the unvexed deep
- Smile, and the hollows of the serene sky
- Glow with diffused radiance for thee!
- For soon as comes the springtime face of day,
- And procreant gales blow from the West unbarred,
- First fowls of air, smit to the heart by thee,
- Foretoken thy approach, O thou Divine,
- And leap the wild herds round the happy fields
- Or swim the bounding torrents. Thus amain,
- Seized with the spell, all creatures follow thee
- Whithersoever thou walkest forth to lead,
- And thence through seas and mountains and swift streams,
- Through leafy homes of birds and greening plains,
- Kindling the lure of love in every breast,
- Thou bringest the eternal generations forth,
- Kind after kind. And since 'tis thou alone
- Guidest the Cosmos, and without thee naught
- Is risen to reach the shining shores of light,
- Nor aught of joyful or of lovely born,
- Thee do I crave co-partner in that verse
- Which I presume on Nature to compose
- For Memmius mine, whom thou hast willed to be
- Peerless in every grace at every hour-
- Wherefore indeed, Divine one, give my words
- Immortal charm. Lull to a timely rest
- O'er sea and land the savage works of war,
- For thou alone hast power with public peace
- To aid mortality; since he who rules
- The savage works of battle, puissant Mars,
- How often to thy bosom flings his strength
- O'ermastered by the eternal wound of love-
- And there, with eyes and full throat backward thrown,
- Gazing, my Goddess, open-mouthed at thee,
- Pastures on love his greedy sight, his breath
- Hanging upon thy lips. Him thus reclined
- Fill with thy holy body, round, above!
- Pour from those lips soft syllables to win
- Peace for the Romans, glorious Lady, peace!
- For in a season troublous to the state
- Neither may I attend this task of mine
- With thought untroubled, nor mid such events
- The illustrious scion of the Memmian house
- Neglect the civic cause.
- And for the rest, summon to judgments true,
- Unbusied ears and singleness of mind
- Withdrawn from cares; lest these my gifts, arranged
- For thee with eager service, thou disdain
- Before thou comprehendest: since for thee
- I prove the supreme law of Gods and sky,
- And the primordial germs of things unfold,
- Whence Nature all creates, and multiplies
- And fosters all, and whither she resolves
- Each in the end when each is overthrown.
- This ultimate stock we have devised to name
- Procreant atoms, matter, seeds of things,
- Or primal bodies, as primal to the world.
- Whilst human kind
- Throughout the lands lay miserably crushed
- Before all eyes beneath Religion- who
- Would show her head along the region skies,
- Glowering on mortals with her hideous face-
- A Greek it was who first opposing dared
- Raise mortal eyes that terror to withstand,
- Whom nor the fame of Gods nor lightning's stroke
- Nor threatening thunder of the ominous sky
- Abashed; but rather chafed to angry zest
- His dauntless heart to be the first to rend
- The crossbars at the gates of Nature old.
- And thus his will and hardy wisdom won;
- And forward thus he fared afar, beyond
- The flaming ramparts of the world, until
- He wandered the unmeasurable All.
- Whence he to us, a conqueror, reports
- What things can rise to being, what cannot,
- And by what law to each its scope prescribed,
- Its boundary stone that clings so deep in Time.
- Wherefore Religion now is under foot,
- And us his victory now exalts to heaven.
- I fear perhaps thou deemest that we fare
- An impious road to realms of thought profane;
- But 'tis that same religion oftener far
- Hath bred the foul impieties of men:
- As once at Aulis, the elected chiefs,
- Foremost of heroes, Danaan counsellors,
- Defiled Diana's altar, virgin queen,
- With Agamemnon's daughter, foully slain.
- She felt the chaplet round her maiden locks
- And fillets, fluttering down on either cheek,
- And at the altar marked her grieving sire,
- The priests beside him who concealed the knife,
- And all the folk in tears at sight of her.
- With a dumb terror and a sinking knee
- She dropped; nor might avail her now that first
- 'Twas she who gave the king a father's name.
- They raised her up, they bore the trembling girl
- On to the altar- hither led not now
- With solemn rites and hymeneal choir,
- But sinless woman, sinfully foredone,
- A parent felled her on her bridal day,
- Making his child a sacrificial beast
- To give the ships auspicious winds for Troy:
- Such are the crimes to which Religion leads.
- And there shall come the time when even thou,
- Forced by the soothsayer's terror-tales, shalt seek
- To break from us. Ah, many a dream even now
- Can they concoct to rout thy plans of life,
- And trouble all thy fortunes with base fears.
- I own with reason: for, if men but knew
- Some fixed end to ills, they would be strong
- By some device unconquered to withstand
- Religions and the menacings of seers.
- But now nor skill nor instrument is theirs,
- Since men must dread eternal pains in death.
- For what the soul may be they do not know,
- Whether 'tis born, or enter in at birth,
- And whether, snatched by death, it die with us,
- Or visit the shadows and the vasty caves
- Of Orcus, or by some divine decree
- Enter the brute herds, as our Ennius sang,
- Who first from lovely Helicon brought down
- A laurel wreath of bright perennial leaves,
- Renowned forever among the Italian clans.
- Yet Ennius too in everlasting verse
- Proclaims those vaults of Acheron to be,
- Though thence, he said, nor souls nor bodies fare,
- But only phantom figures, strangely wan,
- And tells how once from out those regions rose
- Old Homer's ghost to him and shed salt tears
- And with his words unfolded Nature's source.
- Then be it ours with steady mind to clasp
- The purport of the skies- the law behind
- The wandering courses of the sun and moon;
- To scan the powers that speed all life below;
- But most to see with reasonable eyes
- Of what the mind, of what the soul is made,
- And what it is so terrible that breaks
- On us asleep, or waking in disease,
- Until we seem to mark and hear at hand
- Dead men whose bones earth bosomed long ago.
- I know how hard it is in Latian verse
- To tell the dark discoveries of the Greeks,
- Chiefly because our pauper-speech must find
- Strange terms to fit the strangeness of the thing;
- Yet worth of thine and the expected joy
- Of thy sweet friendship do persuade me on
- To bear all toil and wake the clear nights through,
- Seeking with what of words and what of song
- I may at last most gloriously uncloud
- For thee the light beyond, wherewith to view
- The core of being at the centre hid.